Médersa Tilya Kori - Samarkand
UNESCO World Heritage

Explore Syria

Discover one of the world's oldest civilizations and its globally renowned landmarks

10,000 Years

Of continuous civilization and human heritage

6 UNESCO Sites

World Heritage destinations of global importance

Warm Hospitality

Renowned worldwide for generosity and culture

A Living Testament to History

Welcome to Syria

Syria stands as one of the world's oldest civilizations, where human history has been written across millennia. From the dawn of agriculture to the birth of the alphabet, Syria has been at the heart of humanity's greatest achievements.

Home to six UNESCO World Heritage Sites, Syria offers visitors an unparalleled journey through time. Ancient cities like Damascus and Aleppo have witnessed the rise and fall of empires, while Palmyra's majestic ruins stand as a testament to Roman grandeur in the desert.

Beyond its archaeological treasures, Syria is a land of breathtaking natural beauty—from the snow-capped peaks of Mount Hermon to the azure waters of the Mediterranean coast. The country's diverse landscapes offer both historic exploration and modern leisure.

Visitors attending the Damascus International Fair will discover a unique opportunity to explore both the vibrant modernity of Syria's cities and the timeless beauty of its historic destinations. Whether you're drawn to ancient souqs, medieval castles, or coastal retreats, Syria offers experiences found nowhere else on Earth.

Syrian hospitality is legendary worldwide—a warm welcome, rich traditions, and cuisine that has influenced culinary cultures across the Mediterranean and Middle East. From the aromatic spices of Damascus to the coastal delicacies of Latakia, every meal is a celebration of heritage and generosity.

Ancient Cities

Continuously inhabited for thousands of years

Mediterranean Beauty

Pristine beaches and coastal charm

World-Class Cuisine

A culinary heritage spanning millennia

Genuine Hospitality

Experience unmatched warmth and generosity

Damascus, Syria - Historic cityscape

10,000+

Years of History

UNESCO World Heritage Site

Damascus: The Oldest Capital in the World

A city that has witnessed the entire span of human civilization—continuously inhabited for over 11,000 years

Damascus - The Oldest Capital in the World

11,000+

Years Old

Damascus, known as "Ash-Sham" in Arabic, is not merely ancient—it is the world's oldest continuously inhabited capital city. This remarkable metropolis has served as a crossroads of civilizations, religions, and cultures throughout human history.

As a spiritual and cultural center of global importance, Damascus has welcomed prophets, poets, merchants, and travelers from every corner of the world. The city's Old City, recognized by UNESCO, represents an architectural and cultural treasure trove spanning millennia.

Walking through Damascus is like stepping through the pages of history itself—where Roman columns stand beside Ottoman palaces, and ancient churches neighbor historic mosques in a testament to the city's enduring spirit of coexistence.

Since 9000 BC

Continuously inhabited city

UNESCO 1979

World Heritage designation

Must-Visit Attractions in Damascus

Umayyad Mosque

One of the largest and oldest mosques in the world, built in the 8th century. A masterpiece of Islamic architecture featuring stunning mosaics and a shrine believed to contain the head of John the Baptist.

Old City of Damascus

A labyrinth of narrow streets and historic quarters surrounded by ancient Roman walls. UNESCO World Heritage Site featuring traditional Damascene architecture, hidden courtyards, and centuries-old homes.

Souq Al-Hamidiyah

The largest and most vibrant covered market in Syria, dating to the Ottoman era. Famous for textiles, spices, jewelry, and traditional crafts. The vaulted metal roof features bullet holes from past conflicts—a reminder of resilient history.

Azem Palace

An 18th-century Ottoman palace showcasing the finest traditional Damascene architecture. Features serene courtyards, intricate woodwork, marble fountains, and painted ceilings. Now houses the Museum of Arts and Popular Traditions.

Straight Street (Via Recta)

One of the oldest streets mentioned in historical texts, dating back to Roman times. Mentioned in the Bible's Book of Acts, this ancient thoroughfare still bustles with life, connecting the eastern and western gates of the Old City.

National Museum of Damascus

Houses one of the world's greatest archaeological collections, spanning from prehistoric times through the Islamic era. Features artifacts from Palmyra, Mari, Ugarit, and treasures from Syria's extraordinary cultural heritage.

UNESCO World Heritage Site

Aleppo: UNESCO World Heritage Treasure

One of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world and a legendary crossroads of the ancient Silk Road

Aleppo (Halab in Arabic) has been inhabited since approximately 6000 BC, making it one of humanity's most enduring urban settlements. Its strategic position along the ancient Silk Road transformed it into a prosperous center of trade, culture, and learning.

The city has been shaped by successive civilizations—from the Hittites and Assyrians to the Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, and Arabs. This rich tapestry of influences has created an architectural and cultural heritage unlike anywhere else on Earth.

Aleppo's Old City, designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1986, represents a masterpiece of medieval Islamic urban planning. Its labyrinthine streets, grand mosques, caravanserais, and covered souqs tell stories of merchants from China to Venice who once traded here.

Today, Aleppo stands as a symbol of resilience and cultural continuity—a city that has survived millennia of change yet preserved its unique character and welcoming spirit.

Silk Road Hub

Historic trade crossroads

8,000 Years

Of urban history

Aleppo - UNESCO World Heritage Treasure

Aleppo's Iconic Landmarks

1

Citadel of Aleppo

One of the oldest and largest castles in the world, perched on a massive artificial mound in the heart of the Old City. This UNESCO-designated fortress features imposing walls, a stunning entrance bridge, and archaeological layers spanning millennia.

Monumental entrance gate and bridge

Throne hall and royal palaces

Ancient mosque and baths

Panoramic views of Aleppo

2

Great Mosque of Aleppo

Also known as the Umayyad Mosque of Aleppo, this magnificent 8th-century structure is one of the oldest and most important mosques in Islamic history. Features a stunning courtyard, intricate stonework, and a famous minaret dating to 1090 CE.

8th-century Umayyad foundation

Historic Seljuk minaret

Marble courtyard and ablution fountain

Exquisite Islamic calligraphy

3

Ancient Covered Souqs

The largest covered historic market in the world, stretching over 13 kilometers through the heart of Aleppo's Old City. These vaulted stone passageways have served as commercial centers since medieval times, preserving centuries-old trading traditions.

13 km of covered passages

Traditional crafts and textiles

Spices, soap, and jewelry

Historic khans and caravanserais

Did you know? Aleppo soap, made from olive and laurel oil, has been produced in the city for over 3,000 years and is world-renowned for its quality.

Palmyra ancient ruins background showing the desert landscape and historic architecture
UNESCO World Heritage Site

Palmyra (Tadmor)

The Bride of the Desert

Ancient ruins of Palmyra showing the monumental arch and colonnaded street in the Syrian desert

Ancient Oasis

Caravan City

The Pearl of the Syrian Desert

Known as the "Bride of the Desert," Palmyra (Tadmor in Arabic) stands as one of the most magnificent archaeological sites in the Middle East. This ancient caravan city flourished as a vital cultural and commercial crossroads between the Roman Empire and the East.

Founded in the 2nd millennium BC, Palmyra reached its peak during the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD under the rule of Queen Zenobia. The city's monumental ruins showcase a unique blend of Greco-Roman architectural techniques with local traditions and Persian influences.

UNESCO Recognition

Inscribed in 1980 as one of Syria's most important cultural heritage sites

Queen Zenobia's Legacy

Home to one of history's most powerful female rulers who challenged Rome

Monumental Arch

A triumph of ancient engineering and artistic excellence

Temple of Bel

Dedicated to the Mesopotamian god, a masterpiece of ancient architecture

Great Colonnade

The main street stretching over 1 kilometer lined with columns

Efqa Spring

The sulfurous spring that gave the city its name "Tadmor"

"Palmyra stands as a testament to the cultural richness and architectural brilliance of ancient civilizations"

A symbol of resilience and the enduring legacy of human achievement

Qasr al Farid, lonely castle, tomb in Archeological site Madain Saleh, Al-Ula, Hegra, Saudi Arabia
UNESCO World Heritage Site

Palmyra (Tadmor): The Bride of the Desert

One of the most iconic Roman archaeological sites in the world—a jewel of ancient architecture rising from the Syrian desert

A Wonder of the Ancient World

Palmyra, known in Arabic as Tadmor (meaning "dates" or "palm trees"), was once one of the most prosperous and influential cities of the Roman Empire. Located at a vital desert oasis along the Silk Road, it served as a bridge between East and West for centuries.

This UNESCO World Heritage Site showcases an extraordinary fusion of Greco-Roman architecture with Persian and Arabian influences. The city reached its zenith in the 3rd century CE under the legendary Queen Zenobia, who briefly challenged Rome's dominance.

Today, Palmyra's monumental ruins—golden-hued colonnades stretching across desert sands, majestic temples, and theatrical amphitheaters—stand as a testament to human achievement and the enduring power of cultural exchange.

2000 BC

First settlement established

Silk Road

Critical trade route junction

Ancient ruins of Palmyra showing the monumental arch and colonnaded street in the Syrian desert
Ancient Palmyra ruins in the Syrian desert

Palmyra's Legendary Monuments

Temple of Bel

One of the most important religious buildings of the 1st century CE in the Near East. This grand temple was dedicated to the Mesopotamian god Bel and featured a massive courtyard surrounded by colonnades.

The Great Colonnade

The city's magnificent main street, lined with towering Corinthian columns stretching over 1 kilometer. This grand avenue showcases the wealth and architectural sophistication of ancient Palmyra.

Monumental Arch

A stunning gateway that connected the main colonnaded street to the Temple of Bel. Built in the 3rd century CE, its ornate design and craftsmanship exemplify Palmyra's artistic achievements.

Roman Theatre

A beautifully preserved amphitheater built in the 2nd century CE, featuring tiered seating carved from local stone. The theatre once hosted performances, ceremonies, and gatherings for Palmyra's citizens.

Temple of Baalshamin

Dedicated to the Phoenician god of storms and rain, this elegant temple dates to 17 CE. Its well-preserved structure showcases the blend of local and classical architectural styles.

Valley of the Tombs

An extensive necropolis featuring elaborate tower tombs that once held wealthy Palmyrene families. These multi-story funerary monuments provide insight into the city's burial customs and social structure.

"Palmyra stands as a monument to the creative genius of humanity—a place where civilizations met, cultures blended, and beauty was carved from stone and sand."

UNESCO World Heritage Site

Krak des Chevaliers: The World's Greatest Crusader Castle

A medieval masterpiece of military architecture and one of the best-preserved Crusader castles in existence

A panoramic view of Krak des Chevaliers castle, a medieval fortress on a hilltop in Syria

Historic Importance

T.E. Lawrence (Lawrence of Arabia) called it "the finest castle in the world"

An Architectural Marvel

Krak des Chevaliers (Castle of the Knights) stands as the pinnacle of medieval military architecture. Perched on a 650-meter hilltop in western Syria, this formidable fortress dominates the landscape between the cities of Homs and Tartus.

Built and occupied by the Knights Hospitaller from 1142 to 1271, the castle could garrison up to 2,000 soldiers and withstand sieges lasting years. Its sophisticated defensive systems—including concentric walls, towers, moats, and cleverly designed gateways—made it virtually impregnable.

Designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2006, Krak des Chevaliers represents an outstanding example of the exchange of ideas and cultures during the Crusader period, blending European military architecture with local building traditions.

Concentric Design

Two massive defensive walls with 13 towers

Gothic Architecture

Beautiful vaulted halls and chapel

Strategic Location

Commanding views over surrounding valleys

Architectural Highlights

Inner Ward

The castle's heart with living quarters, storerooms, and a magnificent great hall

Chapel

A beautiful Gothic chapel later converted to a mosque, showcasing religious coexistence

Defensive Towers

13 imposing towers providing 360-degree surveillance and defensive capabilities

Water Systems

Sophisticated aqueducts and reservoirs ensuring water supply during sieges

Historical Timeline

1031

Original Construction

First fortress built by the Emir of Aleppo on this strategic hilltop position

1142

Knights Hospitaller

The castle was given to the Knights Hospitaller who expanded and fortified it extensively

1271

Mamluk Conquest

Sultan Baibars captured the castle after a month-long siege, ending Crusader occupation

2006

UNESCO Recognition

Designated as a World Heritage Site for its exceptional medieval military architecture

UNESCO World Heritage Site

Bosra: The Ancient Roman City

Home to one of the best-preserved Roman theatres in the world and a treasure trove of ancient architecture

Bosra (also known as Busra or Bostra) is an ancient city in southern Syria that has been continuously inhabited for over 2,500 years. Once the capital of the Roman province of Arabia, it stands as a remarkably well-preserved testament to Roman urban planning and architecture.

The city's most iconic landmark is its Roman theatre, built in the 2nd century CE and considered one of the finest examples of Roman theatrical architecture anywhere in the world. What makes it truly unique is its exceptional state of preservation—the theatre remains almost entirely intact after nearly 2,000 years.

Bosra's distinctive black basalt stone buildings create a striking visual landscape. The entire ancient city, with its Roman ruins, early Christian churches, mosques, and Ayyubid citadel, was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980.

Walking through Bosra is like stepping into a living museum—ancient Roman columns line streets where Nabataean traders once walked, while Byzantine-era inscriptions share walls with Islamic architecture, creating a unique palimpsest of civilizations.

2nd Century CE

Theatre construction period

15,000

Theatre seating capacity

Ancient Roman theatre and ruins of Bosra, Syria, showcasing the black basalt stone architecture

UNESCO Since

1980

Bosra's Historic Landmarks

Bosra Roman Theatre

Built in the 2nd century CE, this is one of the best-preserved Roman theatres worldwide. The three-story stage building (scaenae frons) stands remarkably intact, featuring elaborate decorative elements and architectural details.

15,000 seating capacity
Intact stage and seating tiers
Exceptional acoustic design
Protected by medieval citadel walls

Ancient Basalt Streets

The city's distinctive black basalt stone streets and buildings create a unique aesthetic. These volcanic rock structures have stood for centuries, their dark color contrasting beautifully against the desert sky.

Roman-era urban planning
Colonnaded main street (Decumanus)
Ancient residential quarters

Religious Architecture

Bosra features remarkable examples of early Christian churches and Islamic mosques, showcasing the city's role as a spiritual center throughout different historical periods.

Cathedral of Bosra (6th century)
Al-Omari Mosque (rebuilt 720 CE)
Byzantine-era basilicas

A Crossroads of Civilizations

Bosra's strategic location made it a vital center for trade routes connecting Arabia, Damascus, and the Mediterranean coast. The city flourished under Nabataean rule before becoming the capital of Roman Arabia in 106 CE.

The city played an important role in early Christianity and is mentioned in Islamic tradition as a place where the Prophet Muhammad visited during his travels as a young merchant. This rich tapestry of history makes Bosra a unique window into the ancient world.

Nabataean

Kingdom Era

Roman

Provincial Capital

Byzantine

Christian Center

Islamic

Cultural Heritage

Living Heritage

Maaloula: The Village That Speaks Aramaic

One of the last remaining places on Earth where Aramaic—the language of Jesus Christ—is still spoken in daily life

Maaloula village perched in the cliffs of the Anti-Lebanon Mountains with traditional cliff-side architecture

Ancient Language

Western Neo-Aramaic

56 km North of Damascus

A Linguistic Treasure

Maaloula is an extraordinary mountain village perched in the cliffs of the Anti-Lebanon Mountains. What makes it truly unique is that its residents still speak Western Neo-Aramaic, the modern descendant of the language spoken by Jesus Christ over 2,000 years ago.

Along with two nearby villages (Jubb'adin and Bakh'a), Maaloula preserves one of the last remaining spoken forms of Aramaic, a Semitic language that was once the lingua franca of the ancient Near East. This living linguistic heritage makes Maaloula a site of immense cultural and religious significance.

The village's name itself comes from the Aramaic phrase meaning "entrance"—referring to the dramatic natural gorge that provides passage through the mountains. Houses are built directly into the rocky cliffs, creating a stunning architectural landscape that blends seamlessly with the natural terrain.

Maaloula has been a Christian pilgrimage destination for centuries, home to ancient monasteries that preserve religious traditions dating back to the earliest days of Christianity.

~5,000

Aramaic speakers remaining

1,500m

Elevation above sea level

Sacred Monasteries of Maaloula

Monastery of Saint Thecla

Mar Taqla

Dedicated to Saint Thecla, a 1st-century follower of Saint Paul and one of the earliest female Christian martyrs. According to tradition, she fled persecution and hid in a mountain cave, where she miraculously passed through solid rock to escape her pursuers.

Built around Saint Thecla's tomb and sacred cave

Features a holy spring believed to have healing properties

Houses precious icons and religious artifacts

Active Greek Catholic monastery with resident nuns

Pilgrims from around the world visit to pray at the sacred cave and seek blessings from the holy spring.

Monastery of Saint Sergius

Mar Sarkis

One of the oldest surviving Christian monasteries in the world, built in the 4th century CE and dedicated to Saint Sergius, a Roman soldier martyred for his Christian faith. The monastery is renowned for its ancient architecture and historical significance.

Dating back to the 4th century CE

Contains a beautifully preserved Byzantine-era altar

Houses ancient religious manuscripts

Still holds regular religious services in Aramaic

The monastery's chapel features one of the oldest Christian altars still in liturgical use today.

Why Maaloula Matters

This unique village represents a living bridge to the ancient world and early Christianity

Linguistic Heritage

Preserves the language of Jesus and ancient prophets

Religious Significance

Major pilgrimage site for Christians worldwide

Unique Architecture

Cliff-side buildings carved into natural rock formations

Living Community

Active village where ancient traditions continue today

Beautiful coastal view of Latakia, Syria showing the Mediterranean Sea and shoreline
Mediterranean Coastline

The Syrian Coast: Latakia & Tartus

Where ancient history meets azure Mediterranean waters—pristine beaches, coastal charm, and the birthplace of the alphabet

Latakia

Syria's principal port city on the Mediterranean coast, Latakia (Al-Ladhiqiyah) combines modern resort amenities with rich historical heritage. The city's beautiful corniche stretches along the azure coastline, lined with palm trees, cafés, and restaurants offering fresh seafood and stunning sunset views.

The city's beaches attract both locals and tourists seeking relaxation by the Mediterranean's crystal-clear waters. The mild climate, gentle sea breezes, and coastal atmosphere make Latakia a perfect destination for leisure and exploration.

Mediterranean Beaches

Pristine sandy shores and beach resorts with modern facilities

Coastal Promenade

Scenic corniche perfect for evening strolls and seaside dining

Fresh Seafood Cuisine

Renowned restaurants serving Mediterranean specialties

Ancient Ugarit

Birthplace of the World's First Alphabet

Just north of Latakia lies the archaeological site of Ugarit, one of the most significant discoveries in human history. Here, around 1400 BCE, scribes developed the world's first alphabetic writing system.

30-letter cuneiform alphabet

Ancient texts and tablets

Royal palace ruins

Crusader Cathedral

A 12th-century church built by the Crusaders, featuring stunning medieval architecture and historical significance

Amrit Archaeological Site

Ancient Phoenician temples, the ma'abed (sacred pool), and remarkable stone monuments dating back millennia

Arwad Island

The only inhabited island in Syria, featuring ancient Phoenician heritage and charming fishing village atmosphere

Tartus

Syria's second-largest port city, Tartus offers a perfect blend of ancient history and coastal relaxation. The city retains a distinctly Mediterranean character with its old quarter, Crusader-era cathedral, and vibrant waterfront.

Tartus serves as a gateway to some of Syria's most fascinating archaeological sites, including the Phoenician settlement of Amrit, one of the oldest continuously inhabited sites in Syria. The city's beaches and nearby coastal villages provide peaceful retreats for visitors.

The city's laid-back atmosphere, fresh seafood restaurants, and scenic coastal views make it an ideal destination for those seeking both cultural exploration and seaside leisure. The nearby island of Arwad, accessible by ferry, offers a unique glimpse into traditional Syrian maritime life.

Crusader Heritage

Fresh Seafood

Beach Resorts

The Syrian coast offers over 180 kilometers of Mediterranean shoreline, blessed with 300 days of sunshine annually and a mild climate perfect for year-round visits.

Engineering Marvel

Hama: The City of the Ancient Norias

Home to the world's largest and most famous wooden water wheels—a testament to medieval hydraulic engineering

Ancient wooden Norias (water wheels) of Hama along the Orontes River, Syria

17

Norias in Hama

20m

Wheel Diameter

The Legendary Water Wheels

Hama is internationally renowned for its magnificent norias—massive wooden water wheels that have been lifting water from the Orontes River for over 1,000 years. These engineering marvels represent one of the most ingenious irrigation systems ever devised.

The norias of Hama are among the largest water wheels in the world, with some reaching up to 20 meters in diameter. As the Orontes River flows, it turns these giant wheels, which scoop water in wooden compartments and lift it to elevated aqueducts that irrigate gardens and orchards.

What makes the Hama norias truly unique is their haunting, groaning sound—a distinctive creaking melody that has become the signature soundtrack of the city. This rhythmic groaning, caused by the wheels' wooden components rubbing together, can be heard throughout the old quarters of Hama.

Built during the Byzantine and Umayyad periods (4th-8th centuries CE), these water wheels showcase the sophisticated understanding of hydraulic engineering possessed by medieval Syrian craftsmen. Today, they stand as both functional irrigation devices and beloved monuments to human ingenuity.

Medieval Engineering

Constructed using ancient techniques passed down through generations

Sustainable Irrigation

Powered solely by river flow without any external energy source

Iconic Sound

The groaning of the norias is considered part of Hama's cultural identity

Notable Norias of Hama

Al-Muhammadiyah

One of the largest and most photogenic norias, dating back centuries

Al-Bisriyah

Located near the city center, easily accessible for visitors

Al-Mamuriyah

Set in beautiful gardens along the Orontes River

Al-Jisriyah

Famous for its picturesque riverside setting

Beyond the Norias

While the norias are Hama's most famous attraction, the city offers much more. Stroll along the scenic Orontes River promenade, explore the historic Azem Palace (now a museum), and visit the Great Mosque of Hama with its distinctive minaret.

The city's gardens, parks, and riverside cafés provide peaceful settings to experience traditional Syrian hospitality while listening to the timeless song of the turning wheels.

Historical Significance

Hama's norias are protected as national monuments and recognized as masterpieces of medieval Islamic engineering

UNESCO World Heritage Site

Saladin Castle (Qal'at Salah al-Din)

A breathtaking mountain fortress that stands as one of the finest examples of medieval military architecture

Perched dramatically on a narrow ridge between two deep ravines in the coastal mountains, Saladin Castle (Qal'at Salah al-Din) is one of the most spectacular fortifications in the world. The castle's seemingly impregnable position, carved from living rock and surrounded by natural gorges, creates a breathtaking architectural masterpiece.

Originally constructed by the Byzantines in the 10th century, the fortress was later occupied by the Crusaders who significantly expanded its defenses. In 1188, the legendary Muslim leader Saladin (Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi) captured the castle after a three-day siege, and it has borne his name ever since.

The castle's most remarkable feature is its massive rock-cut moat—a 28-meter deep chasm carved through solid bedrock, with a towering 20-meter needle of stone left standing to support a drawbridge. This engineering feat represents one of the most impressive defensive works of the medieval period.

Designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2006, Saladin Castle offers visitors not only a journey through military history but also commanding panoramic views of the surrounding mountains and valleys—a testament to its strategic importance throughout the centuries.

Dramatic Location

Built on a ridge 410 meters above sea level with natural ravine defenses

Rock-Cut Engineering

Massive defensive moat carved from solid bedrock

Panoramic Views

Stunning vistas of mountain ranges and Mediterranean coastline

Saladin Castle (Qal'at Salah al-Din) fortress perched on mountain ridge in Syria

Captured by Saladin

1188

Castle Through the Ages

975

Byzantine Era

Original fortress constructed by the Byzantines

1108

Crusader Control

Captured by Crusaders and heavily fortified

1188

Saladin's Victory

Captured by Saladin after three-day siege

2006

UNESCO Status

Designated World Heritage Site

Architectural Marvels

The Great Moat

A 28-meter deep, 156-meter long chasm carved from solid rock, with a towering stone pillar left to support the drawbridge mechanism.

Byzantine Keep

The original Byzantine citadel featuring massive walls and chambers carved directly into the mountain rock.

Water Cisterns

Elaborate system of underground cisterns ensuring water supply during long sieges, showcasing advanced medieval engineering.

Location & Access

Located approximately 30 km east of Latakia in the coastal mountains. The castle is accessible by road and offers parking facilities. The site features well-maintained pathways, though visitors should be prepared for some climbing to fully explore the fortress. The journey rewards with spectacular mountain and sea views.

Cultural Heritage

Syrian Hospitality & Cuisine

Experience the legendary warmth of Syrian generosity and a culinary heritage that has influenced cultures across the Mediterranean

Assorted Middle Eastern and arabic dishes on a dark rustic background, border. Hummus,tabbouleh, salad Fattoush,pita,meat kebab,falafel,baklava,pomegranate. Halal food.Top view, flat lay, copy space.

"In Syria, a stranger is simply a friend you haven't met yet. The table is always set, the door always open, and the welcome always genuine."

Unmatched Hospitality

Syrian hospitality is not just a tradition—it's a way of life deeply embedded in the culture. The Arabic concept of "karamu diyafa" (generous hospitality) reaches its fullest expression in Syria, where welcoming guests is considered both an honor and a sacred duty.

Visitors to Syria are often moved by the genuine warmth they encounter. Whether in bustling city cafés or quiet village homes, Syrians extend extraordinary generosity—offering tea, coffee, meals, and conversation with an authenticity that transcends language barriers.

This legendary hospitality has made Syria a beloved destination for travelers throughout history. From merchants along the ancient Silk Road to modern-day visitors, all have praised the open-hearted welcome and genuine kindness of the Syrian people.

Coffee and tea offered as symbols of welcome

Family-centered culture valuing community bonds

Genuine interest in connecting with visitors

World-Class Cuisine

Syrian cuisine stands as one of the world's great culinary traditions, shaped by millennia of cultural exchange along trade routes connecting East and West. The result is a sophisticated, diverse, and deeply flavorful food heritage that has influenced Mediterranean and Middle Eastern cooking worldwide.

From the aromatic spices of Damascus to the fresh ingredients of coastal Latakia, Syrian food celebrates seasonal produce, traditional cooking methods, and recipes passed down through generations. Each region offers its own specialties and variations.

Meals in Syria are communal celebrations—tables laden with mezze (small dishes), grilled meats, fresh vegetables, fragrant rice, and sweet pastries. Dining is an unhurried, social experience where food brings people together in joy and abundance.

Fresh, high-quality ingredients from local farms

Complex spice blends and aromatic seasonings

Ancient recipes preserved through generations

Authentic Syrian Delights

Syrian food
Syrian food
Syrian food
Syrian food
Syrian food
Syrian food
Syrian food

Experience More

Discover authentic Syrian cuisine

Iconic Syrian Dishes

Kibbeh

Syria's national dish—bulgur wheat and minced meat shaped into balls or patties, fried or baked. Comes in dozens of regional variations.

Shawarma

Marinated meat slow-roasted on a vertical spit, thinly sliced and wrapped in flatbread with vegetables and tahini sauce—a Syrian invention.

Fattoush

Fresh vegetable salad with crispy pita chips, sumac, and pomegranate molasses—refreshing and bursting with flavor.

Hummus

Creamy chickpea dip blended with tahini, lemon, and garlic. Syrian hummus is renowned for its silky texture and rich flavor.

Muhammara

Spicy dip from Aleppo made with roasted red peppers, walnuts, and pomegranate molasses—complex and addictive.

Kebab

Grilled meat skewers seasoned with Syrian spices. Aleppo-style kebabs are particularly famous for their distinctive flavor.

Baklava

Layers of phyllo pastry filled with pistachios or walnuts, sweetened with syrup or honey—an ancient sweet perfected in Syria.

Ma'amoul

Traditional shortbread cookies filled with dates, pistachios, or walnuts—beautifully decorated with wooden molds.

Coffee & Tea Tradition

No Syrian gathering is complete without aromatic coffee or tea

Arabic Coffee

Syrian coffee (qahwa arabiyya) is prepared in traditional copper pots, often flavored with cardamom. Served in small cups, it's a symbol of hospitality and friendship. The ritual of coffee preparation and serving is an art form passed through generations.

Often served with dates or sweets

Syrian Tea

Black tea (shai) is ubiquitous in Syrian social life, served hot and sweetened, often flavored with fresh mint. Tea houses and cafés are central to Syrian culture, where friends gather for hours of conversation over endless cups of tea.

Mint tea is especially popular in the evening
Visitor Information

Practical Tips for Visitors

Essential information to help you make the most of your visit to Syria

Transportation Options

Taxis & Private Cars

Taxis are widely available in cities. Agree on fares beforehand or use metered taxis. Private car hire with drivers is recommended for inter-city travel and tours.

Public Buses

Affordable bus services connect major cities. Luxury coaches operate between Damascus, Aleppo, Latakia, and other destinations.

Air Travel

Damascus International Airport serves as the main gateway. Domestic flights may be available between major cities.

Guided Tours

Organized tours with experienced guides offer convenience and cultural insights, especially for archaeological sites.

Best Time to Visit

Spring (March - May)

Ideal season. Mild temperatures (15-25°C), blooming wildflowers, and perfect weather for sightseeing and archaeological sites. Popular time for cultural festivals.

Summer (June - August)

Hot in inland areas (30-40°C), but perfect for coastal regions. Damascus can be very warm; coast offers Mediterranean breezes and beach activities.

Autumn (September - November)

Excellent choice. Pleasant temperatures return, harvest season brings fresh produce, and fewer crowds at major sites.

Winter (December - February)

Cool and can be rainy (5-15°C). Mountain areas may see snow. Good for city exploration and museums; fewer tourists at major attractions.

Accommodation

Syria offers diverse lodging options from luxury hotels in Damascus and Aleppo to boutique guesthouses in historic quarters.

  • International chain hotels in major cities
  • Traditional Old City courtyard hotels
  • Coastal resorts near beaches

Safety & Security

Check your government's travel advisories before planning your trip. Stay in tourist-friendly areas and follow local guidance.

  • Register with your embassy
  • Keep emergency contacts handy
  • Stay informed about local conditions

Cultural Etiquette

Syria is a conservative society. Respectful behavior and modest dress are appreciated, especially at religious sites.

  • Dress modestly (cover shoulders and knees)
  • Ask permission before photographing people
  • Remove shoes when entering mosques

Currency

Syrian Pound (SYP). US Dollars and Euros widely accepted.

Languages

Arabic is official. English and French spoken in tourist areas.

Time Zone

Eastern European Time (UTC+2/+3 during daylight saving).

Connectivity

WiFi available in hotels and cafés. Mobile coverage in cities.

Ready to Explore Syria?

Visitors attending the Damascus International Fair have a unique opportunity to experience both Syria's modern business environment and its timeless cultural treasures. Let ancient cities, warm hospitality, and rich history create memories that last a lifetime.